People's Republic of Bangladesh formally is a country located in South Asia. Its territory is surrounded almost entirely by India, except for a small strip southeast boundary with Burma. Geographically, the country is in the fertile delta of the Ganges, so it is subject to annual floods caused by monsoons and cyclones. Along with the West Bengal province of India, is the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. In fact, in Bengali, the name "Bangladesh" means "Country of Bengal".
Its current borders were established with the second partition of Bengal in 1947, when the region became the eastern part of the newly formed Pakistan. However, he was separated from the west for 1,600 km of Indian territory. In 1971, political and linguistic discrimination as well as economic neglect, brought a series of conflicts with Pakistan, which led to the war of independence and the establishment of Bangladesh as an independent nation. After independence, the new state suffered from famine, natural disasters and widespread poverty and political turmoil and military coups. The restoration of democracy in 1991 was followed by relative calm and slow economic progress.
Bangladesh is the eighth most populous country noted for its high population density, which is comparable only with the small islands or microstates, but unusual in large countries. Besides having a very high poverty rate, but since 1975 its GDP per capita has doubled and the poverty rate has fallen by 20% since the early 1990's. Thus, the country is among the economies of the "next eleven". Dhaka, the capital and other urban centers are part of the driving force that has enabled this growth. The Bangladeshi government is a parliamentary democracy. In turn, a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, OIC, SAARC, and the D-8. The World Bank, the country has made significant progress in human development in the areas of literacy, gender equity in education and reduced growth populations. However, still faces a number of important challenges including widespread corruption in politics and bureaucracy, economic competition in relation to the rest of the world and overpopulation.
